Скрипты автоматизации

import shutil
import tempfile
from pathlib import Path

root = Path(tempfile.mkdtemp())
for name in ['report.pdf', 'photo1.jpg', 'photo2.JPG', 'notes.txt', 'data.csv', 'song.mp3']:
    (root / name).write_text('demo')

folders = {'.pdf': 'documents', '.txt': 'documents', '.jpg': 'images', '.csv': 'data'}
for file in list(root.iterdir()):
    if file.is_file():
        target = root / folders.get(file.suffix.lower(), 'other')
        target.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
        shutil.move(file, target / file.name)

for path in sorted(root.rglob('*')):
    print(path.relative_to(root).as_posix())
shutil.rmtree(root)
print(root.exists())

from datetime import date, datetime, timedelta

now = datetime(2026, 9, 27, 14, 30)
print(now.strftime('%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M'))
print(now.strftime('%d.%m.%Y'))
deadline = now + timedelta(days=10, hours=3)
print(deadline.isoformat(sep=' '))
print((date(2026, 12, 31) - now.date()).days, 'days left in the year')
parsed = datetime.strptime('05.10.2026 09:15', '%d.%m.%Y %H:%M')
print(parsed, parsed.strftime('%A'))

import os
import tempfile
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
from pathlib import Path

root = Path(tempfile.mkdtemp())
now = datetime(2026, 9, 27, 12, 0)
for name, days in {'backup_old.zip': 45, 'log_week.txt': 7, 'log_today.txt': 0}.items():
    f = root / name
    f.write_text('x')
    t = (now - timedelta(days=days)).timestamp()
    os.utime(f, (t, t))

limit = now - timedelta(days=30)
for f in sorted(root.iterdir()):
    modified = datetime.fromtimestamp(f.stat().st_mtime)
    status = 'OLD' if modified < limit else 'ok'
    print(f'{f.name:15} {modified:%Y-%m-%d} {status}')

import argparse

parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(prog='cleanup', description='List or delete old files.')
parser.add_argument('folder', help='folder to scan')
parser.add_argument('--days', type=int, default=30, help='age limit in days')
parser.add_argument('--dry-run', action='store_true', help='only show what would happen')

args = parser.parse_args(['downloads', '--days', '14', '--dry-run'])
print(args)
print(args.folder, args.days, args.dry_run)
print(parser.parse_args(['photos']))

import logging
import sys

logging.basicConfig(stream=sys.stdout, level=logging.INFO,
                    format='%(levelname)-8s %(name)s: %(message)s', force=True)
log = logging.getLogger('backup')
log.debug('not shown: the level is INFO')
log.info('Backup started')
log.warning('Disk is 85% full')
try:
    ratio = 10 / 0
except ZeroDivisionError:
    log.error('Could not compute the ratio')
log.info('Copied %d files in %.1f s', 128, 3.42)

from pathlib import PurePath

files = ['report.PDF', 'photo.jpg', 'notes.txt', 'scan.pdf', 'song.mp3', 'README']
# group by lowercase extension, then print: extension [sorted names]

from datetime import date

today = date(2026, 9, 27)
files = {'backup.zip': '2026-07-30', 'notes.txt': '2026-09-20',
         'photo.jpg': '2026-08-15', 'log.txt': '2026-09-27'}
# print old files with their age in days, then the newest file