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Physics

Motion, energy, light and the laws of the Universe

This course takes you from measurement and motion through forces, energy, electricity and waves all the way to the atomic nucleus. In every lesson you learn formulas through worked examples, try them out in interactive simulations and check yourself with a short quiz. After the upper-grade topics the course continues to university level — relativity, quantum and nuclear physics.

44 lessons8 modules≈ 16.4 hGrades 6–11BeginnerIntermediateAdvancedUniversity
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What is physics? Measurement and SI units

Course content

All tests · 14Formulas & shortcuts
1

Measurement and motion

Beginner

Learn to measure physical quantities and describe motion with speed, acceleration and graphs.

5 lessons
  1. 1What is physics? Measurement and SI unitsFind out what physics studies, how physical quantities are measured and which base units the International System of Units (SI) uses.
  2. 2Units of physical quantities: links between chaptersLearn to derive units from formulas (N, J, W, Pa, C, V, Ω, F, T, Wb, H), express them in SI base units, check formulas with units, and solve DİM’s “which expressions are units of … — I, II, III” tasks and cross-chapter problems.
  3. 3Speed and velocityLearn about motion, distance and displacement, uniform motion and average speed: v = s / t.
  4. 4Acceleration and uniformly accelerated motionLearn acceleration, the velocity and coordinate equations of uniformly accelerated motion, the time-free formula s = (v² − v₀²) / (2a), the 1 : 3 : 5 rule, and braking and catching-up problems — with DİM-style tasks.
  5. 5Motion graphsLearn to read x–t, vₓ–t and aₓ–t graphs, get velocity, acceleration and displacement from slopes and areas, turn one graph into another and find where two bodies meet — with DİM-style tasks.
2

Forces and Newton's laws

Beginner

Discover how forces change motion, Newton's three laws, gravity and weight.

5 lessons
  1. 6Forces, inertia and interactionLearn what a force is, how to find the resultant force, and Newton's first law (inertia) and third law (action and reaction).
  2. 7Newton's second lawLearn how force, mass and acceleration are connected: F = m · a.
  3. 8Elastic force and frictionLearn Hooke’s law, F(Δl) graphs, springs in series and in parallel, static and sliding friction, finding μ from a lab table, braking distance and rest on an incline — with DİM-style tasks.
  4. 9Gravity, weight and weightlessnessLearn universal gravitation, the force of gravity (F = m · g) and how it changes with height, the difference between mass and weight, weight in a lift and on a bridge, weightlessness and g-load — with DİM-style tasks.
  5. 10Free fall and projectile motionLearn free fall, vertical throws up and down (rise time, maximum height, symmetry), v_y–t and y–t graphs, and horizontal and angled throws — with DİM-style tasks.
3

Pressure, energy and heat

Intermediate

Study the pressure of solids, liquids and air, work, energy and power, and thermal phenomena.

5 lessons
  1. 11Pressure: solids, liquids and the atmosphereLearn what pressure is, the formulas p = F / S and p = ρ · g · h, Pascal's law and atmospheric pressure.
  2. 12Archimedes’ principle and floatingLearn where the buoyant force comes from, the formula F_A = ρ_l · g · V_sub, the weight of a body in a liquid, the conditions for floating, hovering and sinking, the submerged fraction, hydrometers, ships and balloons — with DİM-style ratio tasks.
  3. 13Work, energy and powerLearn about mechanical work, kinetic and potential energy, conservation of energy and power through worked examples.
  4. 14Statics: moment of force, levers, pulleys, inclined planeLearn the arm and moment of a force, the two conditions of equilibrium, the rule of moments, a beam on two supports, the centre of gravity and types of equilibrium, pulleys, the inclined plane, the golden rule of mechanics and efficiency — with DİM-style tasks.
  5. 15Heat and temperatureLearn what temperature tells us, what internal energy is, how to calculate the quantity of heat (Q = m · c · ΔT) and how heat is transferred.
4

Electricity and magnetism

Intermediate

Learn to calculate electric circuits with Ohm's law and understand how electricity and magnetism are linked.

3 lessons
  1. 16Electric current and Ohm's lawLearn about current, voltage and resistance, Ohm's law (I = U / R) and connecting components in series and in parallel.
  2. 17Magnets, the magnetic field and electromagnetsLearn about permanent magnets and how they interact, magnetic field lines, the Earth’s field and the compass, Oersted’s experiment, the field of a straight wire and a coil (right-hand rule), the electromagnet and the magnetic properties of matter.
  3. 18Ampère and Lorentz forces. The electric motorLearn magnetic induction, the Ampère force and the left-hand rule, the interaction of parallel currents, the electric motor, the Lorentz force, the circular motion of a charged particle in a magnetic field, specific charge and the mass spectrograph — with DİM-style tasks.
5

Waves, light and the atom

Advanced

Explore oscillations, sound and light waves, lenses, the structure of the atom and radioactivity.

3 lessons
  1. 19Oscillations, waves and soundLearn about oscillations (period, frequency, amplitude), the pendulum, waves (v = λ · f) and the properties of sound.
  2. 20Light: reflection, refraction and lensesLearn how light travels in straight lines, the law of reflection, refraction, the refractive index and the power of lenses.
  3. 21Atomic structure and radioactivityLearn what atoms are made of, what isotopes are, the three types of radiation — alpha, beta and gamma — and half-life.
6

Upper school: mechanics and molecular physics

Advanced

Momentum, circular motion and gravitation, molecular-kinetic theory, the ideal gas and isoprocesses, thermodynamics, saturated vapour and humidity, properties of solids and liquids — at grade 9–11 and DİM level.

7 lessons
  1. 22Momentum and collisionsLearn about momentum, impulse, the conservation of momentum and elastic and inelastic collisions through worked examples.
  2. 23Circular motion and gravitationLearn about centripetal acceleration, Newton's law of gravitation, the orbital speed of satellites and Kepler's laws.
  3. 24Basics of molecular-kinetic theoryThe main ideas of kinetic theory, mass and number of molecules, the basic equation p = (1/3)(N/V)m₀v², temperature and its scales (Kelvin, Celsius, Fahrenheit) and the rms speed, with DİM-style tasks.
  4. 25The ideal-gas law and isoprocessesThe Mendeleev–Clapeyron equation and the combined gas law, the laws of Boyle, Charles, Gay-Lussac, Dalton and Avogadro, and isoprocess graphs on p–V, p–T, V–T and ρ–T axes, with DİM-style graph tasks.
  5. 26ThermodynamicsLearn about internal energy, the work done by a gas, the first and second laws of thermodynamics, heat engines and their efficiency.
  6. 27Saturated and unsaturated vapour. Air humidityEvaporation and condensation, properties of saturated vapour (its pressure and density do not change on compression), pressure versus temperature, boiling, critical temperature, absolute and relative humidity, dew point and the psychrometer, with DİM-style tasks.
  7. 28Properties of solids and liquidsCrystalline and amorphous solids, strain, stress, Young’s modulus, k = ES/l₀, the stress–strain diagram, elastic energy, surface tension, wetting and capillarity, with DİM-style tasks.
7

Upper school: electrodynamics

Advanced

Electrostatics, capacitors, circuits, semiconductors, electromagnetic induction and self-induction, alternating current and the transformer, electromagnetic oscillations and waves — at grade 10–11 and DİM level.

9 lessons
  1. 29Electric charge, Coulomb’s law and the electric fieldLearn the properties of electric charge, electrification, electrostatic induction and the electroscope, Coulomb’s law, field strength, field lines and the superposition principle — with DİM-style tasks.
  2. 30Electric potential and potential differenceLearn the work of the electric field, the potential energy of a charge, potential and potential difference, the electronvolt, the relation E = U / d, equipotential surfaces, conductors and dielectrics in a field, and how charged particles are accelerated and deflected — with DİM-style tasks.
  3. 31Capacitance and capacitorsLearn capacitance, the parallel-plate capacitor, capacitors in series and parallel, the energy of a capacitor and the energy density of its field, and how a connected or disconnected capacitor changes — with DİM-style tasks.
  4. 32Circuits: EMF, power and Kirchhoff's rulesLearn about the EMF and internal resistance of a source, Ohm's law for a complete circuit, electrical power and Kirchhoff's rules for complex circuits.
  5. 33Semiconductors and semiconductor devicesLearn intrinsic and impurity conduction in semiconductors, how resistance depends on temperature, the p–n junction, the diode and its I–U characteristic, the thermistor, photoresistor, thermocouple and transistor, and how meter readings change in thermistor circuits — with DİM-style tasks.
  6. 34Electromagnetic inductionLearn magnetic flux, Faraday’s law and Lenz’s rule, Φ(t) and ℰ(t) graphs, the charge and number of electrons passing through a coil, the EMF in a moving conductor and how to explain induction in writing — with DİM-style tasks.
  7. 35Self-induction. Inductance. Magnetic-field energyLearn self-induction, the inductance of a circuit (Φ = LI), the self-induced EMF and the energy of the magnetic field (W = LI²/2) with DİM-style multiple-choice, coded and written tasks.
  8. 36Alternating current and the transformerLearn the AC generator, the equation u = U_m · sin ωt, effective values, resistance, inductive and capacitive reactance, Ohm’s law and power for AC, the transformer and power transmission — with DİM-style tasks.
  9. 37Electromagnetic oscillations and wavesLearn the LC circuit, the exchange of energy between W_E and W_M and the W_M(W_E) graph, Thomson’s formula, q(t) and i(t), forced oscillations and resonance, electromagnetic waves and their spectrum, radio, radar and radiation intensity — with DİM-style tasks.
8

University physics

University

Master calculus-based mechanics, oscillations, Maxwell's equations, special relativity, quantum physics and nuclear physics at first- and second-year university level.

7 lessons
  1. 38Vectors and kinematics with calculusDefine velocity and acceleration as derivatives of the position vector, recover motion by integration, and describe projectile and circular motion in vector form.
  2. 39Rotational dynamicsStudy torque, moment of inertia, Newton's second law for rotation, conservation of angular momentum and rolling without slipping, with derivations and problems.
  3. 40Oscillations and waves: the differential equationsStudy the differential equation of simple harmonic motion, damped and driven oscillations, resonance, the wave equation and standing waves, with derivations.
  4. 41Maxwell's equations and electromagnetic wavesLearn the Gauss, Faraday and Ampère–Maxwell laws in integral form, compute symmetric fields and derive the electromagnetic wave equation that gives c = 1/√(μ₀ε₀).
  5. 42Special relativityFrom Einstein's postulates derive time dilation, length contraction, the Lorentz transformations, relativistic momentum and E = mc², and apply them to problems.
  6. 43Foundations of quantum physicsLearn about photons, the photoelectric effect, de Broglie waves, the uncertainty principle, the idea of the Schrödinger equation, energy levels in a box and atomic spectra.
  7. 44Nuclear and particle physicsLearn about mass defect and binding energy, the exponential law of radioactive decay, fission and fusion, and the basics of the Standard Model.

School subjects

Primary MathsGrades 1–4: counting, adding and subtracting, times tables, shapesLife KnowledgeGrades 1–4: nature, health, safety, family and societyMathematicsFrom numbers to functions — learn to think logicallyChemistryThe world of atoms, substances and reactions